Renal Oncocytoma (ROCY)

Overview

Renal Oncocytoma is a typically benign kidney tumor composed of large eosinophilic cells (oncocytes) with abundant mitochondria. It sits under NCCRCC in OncoTree (tissue: Kidney) and is often histologically confused with eosinophilic chromophobe RCC, making molecular classification clinically important.

Cohorts in the corpus

Recurrent alterations

  • Integrated exome/RNA-seq/CNV profiling of 35 renal oncocytomas identified ERCC2 and C2CD4C as significantly mutated genes; the overall somatic mutation rate was low relative to pRCC; copy-number changes were largely limited to chromosome 1 loss PMID:25401301.
  • Mutational signatures in renal oncocytoma co-cluster with chromophobe RCC (signatures S3+S4), distinct from pRCC (S1+S3) PMID:25401301.
  • A five-gene RNA-seq classifier (ASB1, GLYAT, PDZK1IP1, PLCG2, SDCBP2) separates renal oncocytoma from pRCC and chRCC at 95.3% accuracy in held-out validation PMID:25401301.

Subtypes

  • Eosinophilic oncocytoma is near-diploid and histologically similar to eosinophilic chRCC; the five-gene classifier is proposed as a diagnostic tool for this ambiguous category PMID:25401301.

Therapeutic landscape

  • No targeted therapeutic implications were specifically identified for renal oncocytoma in the corpus; the benign nature of typical oncocytoma limits therapeutic urgency, though accurate distinction from chRCC is clinically relevant.

Sources

  • PMID:25401301 — Durinck et al., integrated genomic profiling of 167 non-clear cell RCCs including 35 renal oncocytomas.

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