CCN2

Overview

CCN2 (cellular communication network factor 2, formerly CTGF) is a matricellular protein and marker of activated fibroblasts/CAFs. It is induced by TGF-β and mechanical stiffness and promotes desmoplastic stroma formation in multiple cancers.

Alterations observed in the corpus

• Upregulated as a CAF activation marker (CTGF/CCN2) under high-stiffness matrix in GBC-associated gallbladder fibroblasts; part of the stiffness-induced fibroblast activation signature driven by YAP1/WWTR1/TEAD1 PMID:24997986

Cancer types (linked)

• GBC: CCN2 co-upregulated with ACTA2, COL1A1, FN1, and COL4A1 in gallbladder fibroblasts activated by 16 kPa high-stiffness substrate PMID:24997986

Co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity

Therapeutic relevance

Open questions

Sources

• PMID:24997986

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