GLUL
Overview
GLUL (Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; also known as glutamine synthetase, GS) catalyzes ATP-dependent condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), GLUL protein expression is a key component of the EASL-endorsed diagnostic immunohistochemistry triplet used for early HCC diagnosis, reflecting CTNNB1-activated hepatocytes.
Alterations observed in the corpus
- GLUL (glutamine synthetase) protein expression is part of the EASL-endorsed diagnostic IHC triplet (alongside HSP70/HSPA1A and GPC3) for early HCC diagnosis PMID:24735922
Cancer types (linked)
- HCC — diagnostic IHC marker in the EASL-endorsed triplet panel for early HCC PMID:24735922
Co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity
- Co-expressed with HSPA1A (HSP70) and GPC3 as part of the EASL-endorsed HCC diagnostic IHC triplet PMID:24735922
Therapeutic relevance
Open questions
- Sensitivity/specificity of GS positivity versus GS+HSP70+GPC3 triplet for early HCC in different etiological backgrounds remains an active research question.
Sources
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