TNF
Overview
TNF encodes tumor necrosis factor alpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine central to H. pylori-driven gastric carcinogenesis. High-responder TNF polymorphisms amplify atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia induced by H. pylori infection, increasing gastric cancer risk in familial and sporadic settings.
Alterations observed in the corpus
- Pro-inflammatory TNF polymorphisms (high-responder cytokine alleles) amplify H. pylori-driven atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, contributing to gastric cancer (STAD) risk in susceptible individuals including those with a family history. PMID:24816255
Cancer types (linked)
- STAD — TNF high-responder polymorphisms increase gastric cancer risk as low-penetrance susceptibility alleles, particularly in the context of H. pylori infection and family history. PMID:24816255
Co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity
- TNF polymorphisms are co-listed with IL1B and IL10 pro-inflammatory polymorphisms as risk alleles for H. pylori-driven gastric carcinogenesis. PMID:24816255
Therapeutic relevance
- No direct TNF-targeted therapy data for gastric cancer reported in the current corpus.
Open questions
- Polygenic risk scores integrating TNF and other pro-inflammatory alleles with H. pylori status and environmental factors are not yet clinically actionable for familial gastric cancer risk stratification. PMID:24816255
Sources
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