MSI PCR Pentaplex (Promega)

Overview

PCR-based microsatellite instability (MSI) testing using the Promega MSI Analysis System, a five-mononucleotide pentaplex panel comprising the quasi-monomorphic markers BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24, and MONO-27. Fluorescently labeled PCR products are resolved by capillary electrophoresis and sized against matched normal DNA. Samples are classified as MSI-High (MSI-H, ≥2 unstable markers), MSI-Low (MSI-L, 1 unstable marker), or microsatellite stable (MSS, 0 unstable markers). Supplementary markers (BAT-40, NR-22, NR-27, CAT-25) may be added to resolve equivocal cases.

Used by

  • Applied to 23 pancreatic neoplasms with acinar differentiation (paac_jhu_2014) to detect MSI outliers; identified two MSI-H tumors (ACINAR01: 701 non-synonymous mutations; ACINAR03: 404) and one borderline case (ACINAR28) reclassified as MSI-Low after supplementary markers were added PMID:24293293.
  • MSI-PCR (pentaplex panel) recommended alongside MMR IHC and EBV ISH for confirming MSI / EBV status in familial gastric cancer before clinical decision-making PMID:24816255
  • Used to confirm microsatellite-stable (MSS) status in 69 matched CRC trios (BAT25, BAT26, D17S250, D2S123, D5S346 markers); study restricted to MSS tumors only. PMID:25164765
  • Five-mononucleotide-repeat PCR genotyping used to assess microsatellite instability in 63 clear cell endometrial carcinomas (uccc_nih_2017); MSI-high (>=2 unstable markers) found in 11.3% PMID:28485815

Notes

  • Standard five-marker panel (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24, MONO-27) is the Promega MSI Analysis System; extended panel adds BAT-40, NR-22, NR-27, CAT-25 for ambiguous cases.
  • Requires matched tumor and normal DNA; applicable to both fresh-frozen and FFPE material.
  • MSI-H status in this corpus has been associated with hypermutator phenotypes and biallelic MMR gene loss (e.g. MSH2 in pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma).

Sources

This page was processed by crosslinker on 2026-05-09. - PMID:24816255

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