Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LXSC)

Overview

Larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LXSC) is a subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) arising in the larynx. It sits at OncoTree level 3 under the HEAD_NECK lineage. Organ preservation is a key clinical objective, with larynx-sparing chemoradiotherapy strategies used for advanced (stage III/IV) disease.

Cohorts in the corpus

  • 218 LXSC patients enrolled in a European randomized trial (NCT00002839, July 1996–April 2004); 49% of the total 450-patient cohort; 89% male; median age 55 years; 58% stage IV, 39% stage III. PMID:19176454

Recurrent alterations

  • No gene-specific molecular profiling was performed in the primary clinical trial cohort; EGFR-targeted therapy (cetuximab) was discussed as a future direction based on external data. PMID:19176454
  • Larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LXSC) comprised 72/279 (26%) of the TCGA HNSC cohort and was enriched for the classical mRNA expression subtype, featuring TP53 mutation, CDKN2A loss, chromosome 3q amplification, heavy smoking history, and activating alterations in NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 oxidative-stress axis — paralleling lung squamous cell carcinoma. PMID:25631445

Subtypes

  • Not molecularly subtyped in the corpus; clinical staging (T2-T4, N0-N2) used as primary stratification. PMID:19176454

Therapeutic landscape

  • Sequential and alternating chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin/fluorouracil are viable organ-preservation strategies; 5-year survival with a functional larynx ~30–36%; alternating schedule produces less acute mucositis (grade 3-4: 21% vs 32%) without improvement in efficacy. PMID:19176454

Sources

  • PMID:19176454 — Lefebvre et al. (2009), randomized trial of sequential vs alternating chemoradiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced LXSC and HPHSC.

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This page was processed by crosslinker on 2026-05-14.