Teratoma (TT)

Overview

Teratoma is a germ cell tumor composed of tissues from multiple embryonic germ layers, sitting under NSGCT in OncoTree. Pure mature teratoma is generally not treated with chemotherapy; teratoma elements within mixed GCT (MGCT) are clinically significant as a source of growing teratoma syndrome and occasionally harbor malignant transformation.

Cohorts in the corpus

  • gct_msk_2016 — 49 cisplatin-resistant samples in the MSK GCT cohort (N=180) were classified as MGCT containing teratoma elements. Pure teratoma and pure malignant transformation were excluded by design PMID:27646943.

Recurrent alterations

  • Teratoma-containing MGCT samples were not microdissected; TP53/MDM2 alterations found in teratoma-free resistant tumors argue against meaningful confounding by teratoma DNA on the resistance signal PMID:27646943.
  • 12p gain — characteristic GCT cytogenetic feature present in the broader cohort PMID:27646943.

Subtypes

  • Pure mature teratoma and pure malignant transformation were excluded from the MSK study PMID:27646943.
  • Teratoma within MGCT is associated with the growing teratoma syndrome; these elements are TP53/MDM2 profiling targets in ongoing studies.

Therapeutic landscape

  • Pure teratoma is generally chemotherapy-resistant by histology; surgical resection is the primary treatment. Teratoma within the context of MGCT follows cisplatin-based management guided by non-teratomatous components PMID:27646943.

Sources

  • PMID:27646943 — Bagrodia et al. 2016 (JCO). 49 MGCT with teratoma elements in MSK GCT cohort; pure teratoma excluded from primary analyses.

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